BDDATA LABBY BILL DITCHMAN
Time-series analysis

Forecasting Sunspot Activity

A test of whether an autoregressive model can forecast held-out annual sunspot activity better than a mean baseline.

SunspotsTime seriesForecastingUpdated 2026-10-31
THE QUESTION

What are we trying to understand?

How well does an 11-lag autoregressive model forecast the final 20 years of the sunspot dataset?

THE READOUT

What the analysis found

Replace this text with the model and baseline mean absolute errors printed by experiment.py, and explain which performed better.

EXPLORE

Interactive reports

Open a report to explore its charts and tables. Reports open as full pages for the best reading experience.

Analysis report

Forecast chart and methods

View the forecast, baseline, and evaluation approach.

Explore report
THE METHOD

How the work was done

The script loads the sunspots dataset from statsmodels, fits an autoregressive model with 11 lags, and evaluates it on the final 20 years against a baseline that predicts the training-data mean.

CONTEXT

Limitations

This evaluates one historical holdout period. It does not establish how well the model predicts future activity; describe any other important limitations of the data or approach.

PROVENANCE

Sources behind the work

  • Sunspots dataset

    statsmodels · Historical annual sunspot observations included in the statsmodels dataset

    The experiment loads this dataset through the statsmodels API.

    Accessed 2026-10-31 · License: Verify the dataset's reuse terms before publishing.
    View source